mw.loader.using( 'ext.centralNotice.bannerController', function() { mw.centralNotice.initialize(); } );
Grimms' Fairy Tales
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For the comic series, see Grimm Fairy Tales (comics).
Not to be confused with Grimm Tales (disambiguation) or Grimm's Fairy Tale Classics.
Frontispiece of first volume of Grimms' Kinder- und Hausmärchen (1812) | |
Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm | |
Germany | |
German | |
| |
Various | |
1812 | |
n/a |
Contents [hide]
|
The first volume of the first edition was published, containing 86 stories; the second volume of 70 stories followed in 1814. For the second edition, two volumes were issued in 1819 and a third in 1822, totalling 170 tales. The third edition appeared in 1837; fourth edition, 1840; fifth edition, 1843; sixth edition, 1850; seventh edition, 1857. Stories were added, and also subtracted, from one edition to the next, until the seventh held 211 tales. All editions were extensively illustrated, first by Philipp Grot Johann and, after his death in 1892, by Robert Leinweber.
The first volumes were much criticized because, although they were called "Children's Tales", they were not regarded as suitable for children, both for the scholarly information included and the subject matter.[1] Many changes through the editions – such as turning the wicked mother of the first edition in Snow White and Hansel and Gretel (shown in original Grimm stories as Hansel and Grethel) to a stepmother, were probably made with an eye to such suitability. They removed sexual references—such as Rapunzel's innocently asking why her dress was getting tight around her belly, and thus naïvely revealing her pregnancy and the prince's visits to her stepmother—but, in many respects, violence, particularly when punishing villains, was increased.[2]
In 1825 the Brothers published their Kleine Ausgabe or "small edition," a selection of 50 tales designed for child readers. This children's version went through ten editions between 1825 and 1858.
Grimm Brothers
]edit] Influence
The influence of these books was widespread. W. H. Auden praised the collection, during World War II, as one of the founding works of Western culture.[3] The tales themselves have been put to many uses. The Nazis praised them as folkish tales showing children with sound racial instincts seeking racially pure marriage partners, and so strongly that the Allied forces warned against them;[4] for instance, Cinderella with the heroine as racially pure, the stepmother as an alien, and the prince with an unspoiled instinct being able to distinguish.[5] Writers who have written about the Holocaust have combined the tales with their memoirs, as Jane Yolen in her Briar Rose.[6]
The work of the Brothers Grimm influenced other collectors, both inspiring them to collect tales and leading them to similarly believe, in a spirit of romantic nationalism, that the fairy tales of a country were particularly representative of it, to the neglect of cross-cultural influence. Among those influenced were the Russian Alexander Afanasyev, the Norwegians Peter Christen Asbjørnsen and Jørgen Moe, the English Joseph Jacobs, and Jeremiah Curtin, an American who collected Irish tales.[7] There was not always a pleased reaction to their collection. Joseph Jacobs was in part inspired by his complaint that English children did not read English fairy tales;[8] in his own words, "What Perrault began, the Grimms completed".
Three individual works of Wilhelm Grimm include Altdänische Heldenlieder, Balladen und Märchen ('Old Danish Heroic Lays, Ballads, and Folktales') in 1811, Über deutsche Runen ('On German Runes') in 1821, and Die deutsche Heldensage ('The German Heroic Legend') in 1829.
]edit] List of fairy tales
The code "KHM" stands for Kinder- und Hausmärchen, the original title. All editions from 1812 until 1857 split the stories into two volumes.
]edit] Volume 1
Monument to brothers Grimm on the market place in Hanau. (Hessen, Germany)
Frontispiece used for the first volume of the 1840 4th edition
- KHM 1: The Frog King, or Iron Heinrich (Der Froschkönig oder der eiserne Heinrich)
- KHM 2: Cat and Mouse in Partnership (Katze und Maus in Gesellschaft)
- KHM 3: Mary's Child (Marienkind)
- KHM 4: The Story of the Youth Who Went Forth to Learn What Fear Was (Märchen von einem, der auszog das Fürchten zu lernen)
- KHM 5: The Wolf and the Seven Young Kids (Der Wolf und die sieben jungen Geißlein)
- KHM 6: Trusty John or Faithful John (Der treue Johannes)
- KHM 7: The Good Bargain (Der gute Handel)
- KHM 8: The Wonderful Musician or The Strange Musician (Der wunderliche Spielmann)
- KHM 9: The Twelve Brothers (Die zwölf Brüder)
- KHM 10: The Pack of Ragamuffins (Das Lumpengesindel)
- KHM 11: Brother and Sister (Brüderchen und Schwesterchen)
- KHM 12: Rapunzel
- KHM 13: The Three Little Men in the Wood (Die drei Männlein im Walde)
- KHM 14: The Three Spinners (Die drei Spinnerinnen)
- KHM 15: Hansel and Gretel (Hänsel und Gretel)
- KHM 16: The Three Snake-Leaves (Die drei Schlangenblätter)
- KHM 17: The White Snake (Die weiße Schlange)
- KHM 18: The Straw, the Coal, and the Bean (Strohhalm, Kohle und Bohne)
- KHM 19: The Fisherman and His Wife (Von dem Fischer und seiner Frau)
- KHM 20: The Valiant Little Tailor (Das tapfere Schneiderlein)
- KHM 21: Cinderella (Aschenputtel)
- KHM 22: The Riddle (Das Rätsel)
- KHM 23: The Mouse, the Bird, and the Sausage (Von dem Mäuschen, Vögelchen und der Bratwurst)
- KHM 24: Mother Hulda (Frau Holle)
- KHM 25: The Seven Ravens (Die sieben Raben)
- KHM 26: Little Red Cap (Rotkäppchen)
- KHM 27: Town Musicians of Bremen (Die Bremer Stadtmusikanten)
- KHM 28: The Singing Bone (Der singende Knochen)
- KHM 29: The Devil With the Three Golden Hairs (Der Teufel mit den drei goldenen Haaren)
- KHM 30: The Louse and the Flea (Läuschen und Flöhchen)
- KHM 31: The Girl Without Hands (Das Mädchen ohne Hände)
- KHM 32: Clever Hans (Der gescheite Hans)
- KHM 33: The Three Languages (Die drei Sprachen)
- KHM 34: Clever Elsie (Die kluge Else)
- KHM 35: The Tailor in Heaven (Der Schneider im Himmel)
- KHM 36: The Wishing-Table, the Gold-Ass, and the Cudgel in the Sack ("Tischchen deck dich, Goldesel und Knüppel aus dem Sack" also known as "Tischlein, deck dich!")
- KHM 37: Thumbling (Daumling) (see also Tom Thumb)
- KHM 38: The Wedding of Mrs. Fox (Die Hochzeit der Frau Füchsin)
- KHM 39: The Elves (Die Wichtelmänner)
- The Elves and the Shoemaker (Erstes Märchen)
- Second Story (Zweites Märchen)
- Third Story (Drittes Märchen)
- KHM 50: Little Briar-Rose (see also Sleeping Beauty) (Dornröschen)
- KHM 51: Foundling-Bird (Fundevogel)
- KHM 52: King Thrushbeard (König Drosselbart)
- KHM 53: Little Snow White (Schneewittchen)
- KHM 54: The Knapsack, the Hat, and the Horn (Der Ranzen, das Hütlein und das Hörnlein)
- KHM 55: Rumpelstiltskin (Rumpelstilzchen)
- KHM 56: Sweetheart Roland (Der Liebste Roland)
- KHM 57: The Golden Bird (Der goldene Vogel)
- KHM 58: The Dog and the Sparrow (Der Hund und der Sperling)
- KHM 59: Frederick and Catherine (Der Frieder und das Katherlieschen)
- KHM 60: The Two Brothers (Die zwei Brüder)
- KHM 61: The Little Peasant (Das Bürle)
- KHM 62: The Queen Bee (Die Bienenkönigin)
- KHM 63: The Three Feathers (Die drei Federn)
- KHM 64: Golden Goose (Die goldene Gans)
- KHM 65: All-Kinds-of-Fur (Allerleirauh)
- KHM 66: The Hare's Bride (Häschenbraut)
- KHM 67: The Twelve Huntsmen (Die zwölf Jäger)
- KHM 68: The Thief and His Master (De Gaudeif un sien Meester)
- KHM 69: Jorinde and Joringel (Jorinde und Joringel)
- KHM 70: The Three Sons of Fortune (Die drei Glückskinder)
- KHM 71: How Six Men got on in the World (Sechse kommen durch die ganze Welt)
- KHM 72: The Wolf and the Man (Der Wolf und der Mensch)
- KHM 73: The Wolf and the Fox (Der Wolf und der Fuchs)
- KHM 74: Gossip Wolf and the Fox (Der Fuchs und die Frau Gevatterin)
- KHM 75: The Fox and the Cat (Der Fuchs und die Katze)
- KHM 76: The Pink (Die Nelke)
- KHM 77: Clever Gretel (Die kluge Gretel)
- KHM 78: The Old Man and his Grandson (Der alte Großvater und der Enkel)
- KHM 79: The Water Nixie (Die Wassernixe)
- KHM 80: The Death of the Little Hen (Von dem Tode des Hühnchens)
- KHM 81: Brother Lustig (Bruder Lustig)
- KHM 82: Gambling Hansel (De Spielhansl)
- KHM 83: Hans in Luck (Hans im Glück)
- KHM 84: Hans Married (Hans heiratet)
- KHM 85: The Gold-Children (Die Goldkinder)
- KHM 86: The Fox and the Geese (Der Fuchs und die Gänse)
]edit] Volume 2
Frontispiece used for the second volume of the 1840 4th edition
- KHM 87: The Poor Man and the Rich Man (Der Arme und der Reiche)
- KHM 88: The Singing, Springing Lark (Das singende springende Löweneckerchen)
- KHM 89: The Goose Girl (Die Gänsemagd)
- KHM 90: The Young Giant (Der junge Riese)
- KHM 91: The Gnome (Dat Erdmänneken)
- KHM 92: The King of the Gold Mountain (Der König vom goldenen Berg)
- KHM 93: The Raven (Die Raben)
- KHM 94: The Peasant's Wise Daughter (Die kluge Bauerntochter)
- KHM 95: Old Hildebrand (Der alte Hildebrand)
- KHM 96: The Three Little Birds (De drei Vügelkens)
- KHM 97: The Water of Life (Das Wasser des Lebens)
- KHM 98: Doctor Know-all (Doktor Allwissend)
- KHM 99: The Spirit in the Bottle (Der Geist im Glas)
- KHM 100: The Devil's Sooty Brother (Des Teufels rußiger Bruder)
- KHM 101: Bearskin (Bärenhäuter)
- KHM 102: The Willow-Wren and the Bear (Der Zaunkönig und der Bär)
- KHM 103: Sweet Porridge (Der süße Brei)
- KHM 104: Wise Folks (Die klugen Leute)
- KHM 105: Tales of the Paddock (Märchen von der Unke)
- KHM 106: The Poor Miller's Boy and the Cat (Der arme Müllersbursch und das Kätzchen)
- KHM 107: The Two Travelers (Die beiden Wanderer)
- KHM 108: Hans My Hedgehog (Hans mein Igel)
- KHM 109: The Shroud (Das Totenhemdchen)
- KHM 110: The Jew Among Thorns (Der Jude im Dorn)
- KHM 111: The Skillful Huntsman (Der gelernte Jäger)
- KHM 112: The Flail from Heaven (Der Dreschflegel vom Himmel)
- KHM 113: The Two Kings' Children (Die beiden Königskinder)
- KHM 114: The Clever Little Tailor (vom klugen Schneiderlein)
- KHM 115: The Bright Sun Brings it to Light (Die klare Sonne bringt's an den Tag)
- KHM 116: The Blue Light (Das blaue Licht)
- KHM 117: The Willful Child (Das eigensinnige Kind)
- KHM 118: The Three Army Surgeons (Die drei Feldscherer)
- KHM 119: The Seven Swabians (Die sieben Schwaben)
- KHM 120: The Three Apprentices (Die drei Handwerksburschen)
- KHM 121: The King's Son Who Feared Nothing (Der Königssohn, der sich vor nichts fürchtete)
- KHM 122: Donkey Cabbages (Der Krautesel)
- KHM 123: The Old Woman in the Wood (Die alte im Wald)
- KHM 124: The Three Brothers (Die drei Brüder)
- KHM 125: The Devil and His Grandmother (Der Teufel und seine Großmutter)
- KHM 126: Ferdinand the Faithful and Ferdinand the Unfaithful (Ferenand getrü und Ferenand ungetrü)
- KHM 127: The Iron Stove (Der Eisenofen)
- KHM 128: The Lazy Spinner (Die faule Spinnerin)
- KHM 129: The Four Skillful Brothers (Die vier kunstreichen Brüder)
- KHM 130: One-Eye, Two-Eyes, and Three-Eyes (Einäuglein, Zweiäuglein und Dreiäuglein)
- KHM 131: Fair Katrinelje and Pif-Paf-Poltrie (Die schöne Katrinelje und Pif Paf Poltrie)
- KHM 132: The Fox and the Horse (Der Fuchs und das Pferd)
- KHM 133: The Shoes that were Danced to Pieces (Die zertanzten Schuhe)
- KHM 134: The Six Servants (Die sechs Diener)
- KHM 135: The White and the Black Bride (Die weiße und die schwarze Braut)
- KHM 136: Iron John (Eisenhans)
- KHM 137: The Three Black Princesses (De drei schwatten Prinzessinnen)
- KHM 138: Knoist and his Three Sons (Knoist un sine dre Sühne)
- KHM 139: The Maid of Brakel (Dat Mäken von Brakel)
- KHM 140: My Household (Das Hausgesinde)
- KHM 141: The Lambkin and the Little Fish (Das Lämmchen und das Fischchen)
- KHM 142: Simeli Mountain (Simeliberg)
- KHM 143: Going a Traveling (Up Reisen gohn) appeared in the 1819 edition
- KHM 143 in the 1812/1815 edition was Die Kinder in Hungersnot (the starving children)
The children's legends (Kinder-legende) first appeared in the G. Reimer 1819 edition at the end of volume 2).
- KHM 201: Saint Joseph in the Forest (Der heilige Joseph im Walde)
- KHM 202: The Twelve Apostles (Die zwölf Apostel)
- KHM 203: The Rose (Die Rose)
- KHM 204: Poverty and Humility Lead to Heaven (Armut und Demut führen zum Himmel)
- KHM 205: God's Food (Gottes Speise)
- KHM 206: The Three Green Twigs (Die drei grünen Zweige)
- KHM 207: The Blessed Virgin's Little Glass (Muttergottesgläschen) or Our Lady's Little Glass
- KHM 208: The Little Old Lady (Das alte Mütterchen) or The Aged Mother
- KHM 209: The Heavenly Marriage (Die himmlische Hochzeit) or The Heavenly Wedding
- KHM 210: The Hazel Branch (Die Haselrute)
]edit] No longer included in last edition
- Das Birnli will nit fallen
- Blaubart (Bluebeard)
- Die drei Schwestern (The Three Sisters)
- Die Prinzessin auf der Erbse (Princess and the Pea)
- Der Faule und der Fleißige (The sluggard and the diligent)
- Der gestiefelte Kater (Puss in Boots)
- Der gute Lappen (Fragment) (The good rag)
- Die Hand mit dem Messer (The hand with the knife)
- Hans Dumm
- Die heilige Frau Kummernis (The holy woman Kummernis)
- Hurleburlebutz
- Die Krähen (The Crows)
- Der Löwe und der Frosch (The Lion and the Frog)
- Das Mörderschloss (The Murder Castle)
- Der Okerlo (The Okerlo)
- Prinzessin Mäusehaut (Princess Mouse Skin)
- Der Räuber und seine Söhne (The Robber and His Sons)
- Schneeblume (Snow Flowers)
- Der Soldat und der Schreiner (The Soldier and the Carpenter)
- Der Tod und der Gänsehirt (Death and the Goose herder)
- Die treuen Tiere (The faithful animals)
- Das Unglück (The Accident)
- Vom Prinz Johannes (Fragment) (Of Prince Johannes)
- Vom Schreiner und Drechsler (From the Maker and Turner)
- Von der Nachtigall und der Blindschleiche (The nightingale and the slow worm)
- Von der Serviette, dem Tornister, dem Kanonenhütlein und dem Horn (Of the napkin, the knapsack, the Cannon guarding flax, and the Horn)
- Wie Kinder miteinander Schlachten gespielt haben (How children played slaughter with each other)
- Der wilde Mann (The Wild Man)
- Die wunderliche Gasterei (The strange Inn)
]edit] See also
- List of fairy tales
- German Fairy Tale Route
- Grimm Fairy Tales (comics)
]edit] References
- ^ Maria Tatar, The Hard Facts of the Grimms' Fairy Tales, p15-17, ISBN 0-691-06722-8
- ^ A. S. Byatt, "Introduction" p. xlii-iv, Maria Tatar, ed. The Annotated Brothers Grimm, ISBN 0-393-05848-4
- ^ A. S. Byatt, "Introduction" p. xxx, Maria Tatar, ed. The Annotated Brothers Grimm, ISBN 0-393-05848-4
- ^ A. S. Byatt, "-xxxix, Maria Tatar, ed. The Annotated Brothers Grimm, ISBN 0-393-05848-4
- ^ Lynn H. Nicholas, Cruel World: The Children of Europe in the Nazi Web p 77-8 ISBN 0-679-77663-X
- ^ A. S. Byatt, "Introduction" p. xlvi, Maria Tatar, ed. The Annotated Brothers Grimm, ISBN 0-393-05848-4
- ^ Jack Zipes, The Great Fairy Tale Tradition: From Straparola and Basile to the Brothers Grimm, p 846, ISBN 0-393-97636-X
- ^ Maria Tatar, p 345-5, The Annotated Classic Fairy Tales, ISBN 0-393-05163-3
- Grimm Brothers. The Complete Grimm's Fairy Tales. New York: Pantheon Books, 1944. ISBN 0-394-49414-6. (in English, based on Margarate Hunt's translation)
]edit] External links
- Media related to Grimm's Fairy Tales at Wikimedia Commons
- Works related to Grimm's Fairy Tales at Wikisource
- German Wikisource has original text related to this article: extensive table of each story's occurrence
- Grimm's fairy tales The complete collection of Grimm's Household Tales along with alternative translations.
- Grimm's Fairy Tales with original illustration at HolyeBooks.org
- SurLaLune Fairy Tale site on the Grimms featuring English translations of the Grimms' notes
- Selection of Grimm Fairy Tales in English and German
- Grimm's Tales at Gutenberg Project
- Grimm family and publication timeline
- Grimm's Fairy Tales, English text
- The Grimm Brothers' Children's and Household Tales classified by Aarne-Thompson type
- Grimmstories.com All Grimm's Fairy Tales available freely in English, German, Dutch, Spanish, Danish, Italian and French.
- Brothers Grimm's Fairy Tales Google Doodle
- Collected Tales Audiobook in German — MP3 Creative Commons
- Grimm's Fairy Tale National Geographic
- Free MP3's of the tales, in German and English
- Complete collection of Grimms' Fairy Tales, early English version
- Brothers Grimm